Whether you’re migrating to a new computer or doing a clean install, life is easier when you take all your settings and tweaks with you. If you don’t want to do a full backup and restore, 

Clone Application backup's settings for the most popular Windows programs so you can restore them later.

Clone Application essentially automates the process we detailed in our Windows migration guide, it knows where each program stores its settings and registry keys, and backs them all up in one fell swoop so you don’t have to do the legwork yourself. It supports different Windows programs, can detect which programs you have installed, and even has a section for manual backups so you can include the programs it doesn’t support.

Clone Application is completely portable also, so you don’t have to install anything. Just extract the program to its own folder on the desktop and right-click it to launch it as an administrator. From there, check the programs you want to back up, and click Start Clone App. It’ll back up all the necessary files and registry keys to its folder, which you can then copy to your new computer ->launch the program and click restore to put all your settings back where they belong.

How do I stop pop-up or pop-under Internet ads?

There are hundreds of different software programs that are designed to help stop, block, or prevent pop-up, pop-under, and other Internet intrusive and annoying advertising on the Internet.

All recent browsers have some type of pop-up and pop-under protection available and enabled.

    

 Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 or later:

At the bottom of the Privacy tab, you should have a Pop-up Blocker section. If you want pop-ups to be blocked, check the "Block pop-ups" option (may also be titled "Turn on Pop-Up Blocker"). You can also set additional settings, such as disabling the sound when a pop-up is blocked or disable the information bar displayed when a pop-up is blocked, by clicking the Settings button.

Mozilla Firefox Browser:

By default, the "Block pop-up windows" option should be checked. Check this option if it is currently unchecked. If there are sites you want to allow pop-ups for, click the Exceptions button, enter the allowed site address, and click the Allow button.

Users may also want to disable any pop-ups from any browser plug-ins, a tactic for bypassing many pop-up blockers. To enable this feature in Firefox, follow the steps below.

Open Mozilla Firefox

We also suggest you locate the privacy option in the about:config screen and change the value of this setting to false.

Another option for Firefox users is to download and install the Ad Block Plus add-on for Firefox. This extension will block most pop-up ads from opening in Firefox.

Google Chrome Browser:

Google Chrome includes its own pop-up blocker utility and does a good job at blocking most pop-ups by default.

Opera Browser:

The latest version of Opera also includes its own pop-up blocker and has it enabled by default. You can adjust how pop-ups are blocked or allowed by following the steps below

The term port can refer to either physical or virtual connection points. There are two kinds of port,

Physical port:

Physical network ports allow connecting cables to computers, routers, modems and other peripheral devices. Several different types of physical ports available on computer network hardware. A physical port, as opposed to a virtual or logical port is an interface on a computer into which you can insert a connector for a device.

Examples of Physical Port: RJ45 port (Ethernet/LAN/NIC Port), Serial Port (RS-232), USB Port.

Virtual port:

                Virtual ports are part of TCP/IP networking. These ports allow software applications to share hardware resources without interfering with each other. Computers and routers automatically manage network traffic traveling via their virtual ports.

Port numbers range from 0 to 65536, but only ports numbers 0 to 1024 are reserved for privileged services and designated as well-known ports. This list of well-known port numbers specifies the port used by the server process as its contact port.

This layer supports application and end-user processes. Communication partners are identified, quality of service is identified, user authentication and privacy are considered, and any constraints on data syntax are identified. Everything at this layer is application-specific. This layer provides application services for transfers-mail, and other network software services. Telnet and FTP are applications that exist entirely in the application level. Tiered application architectures are part of this layer.

Eg: WWW Browser, FTP, HTTP, Telnet, Nfs, Snmp

This layer provides independence from differences in data representation (e.g., encryption) by translating from application to network format, and vice versa. The presentation layer works to transform data into the form that the application layer can accept. This layer formats and encrypts data to be sent across a network, providing freedom from compatibility problems. It is sometimes called the syntax layer.

Eg:  encryption, ASCII, EBCDIC, TIFF, GIF, PICT, JPEG, MPEG, MIDI.

This layer establishes, manages and terminates connections between applications. The session layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations, exchanges, and dialogues between the applications at each end. It deals with session and connection coordination.

Eg: NFS, NetBios names, RPC, SQL.

This layer provides transparent transfer of data between end systems, or hosts, and is responsible for end-to-end error recovery and flow control. It ensures complete data transfer.

Eg:  SPX, TCP, UDP.

This layer provides switching and routing technologies, creating logical paths, known as virtual circuits, for transmitting data from node to node. Routing and forwarding are functions of this layer, as well as addressing, internetworking, error handling, congestion control and packet sequencing.

Eg: AppleTalk DDP, IP, IPX.

At this layer, data packets are encoded and decoded into bits. It furnishes transmission protocol knowledge and management and handles errors in the physical layer, flow control and frame synchronization. The data link layer is divided into two sub layers: The Media Access Control (MAC) layer and the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer. The MAC sub layer controls how a computer on the network gains access to the data and permission to transmit it. The LLC layer controls frame synchronization, flow control and error checking.

Eg:  PPP, FDDI, ATM, IEEE 802.5/ 802.2, IEEE 802.3/802.2, HDLC, Frame Relay. 

This layer conveys the bit stream - electrical impulse, light or radio signal  through the network at the electrical and mechanical level. It provides the hardware means of sending and receiving data on a carrier, including defining cables, cards and physical aspects. Fast Ethernet, RS232, and ATM are protocols with physical layer components.

Eg: Ethernet, FDDI, B8ZS, V.35, V.24, RJ45